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The ToBI system for prosodic transcription ( Beckman & Elam, 1997 Silverman et al., 1992) distinguishes multiple types of prosodic pitch accents that are argued to have different meanings. (2010) manipulated a feature that might be particularly apt to influence whether comprehenders consider a salient alternative: the type of prosodic pitch accent. It is similarly unclear what cues lead comprehenders to encode these alternative sets.

Alternately, they might consider only those alternative propositions that are made particularly salient or plausible in the discourse. Comprehenders might consider a relatively broad set of alternatives, such as alternative propositions related to any discourse entities in the same semantic category.

They also indicate that multiple manipulations of linguistic prominence, not just prosody, can lead to consideration of alternatives.īut while there is general evidence that important alternatives may be encoded as part of a discourse representation, it is unclear exactly how that set of alternatives is defined. These results suggest readers encode a narrow set of only those alternatives plausible in the particular discourse. In Experiment 3, font emphasis helped reject false statements about plausible alternatives, but not about less plausible alternatives that were nevertheless established in the discourse. In Experiments 1 and 2, font emphasis in the initial presentation increased participants’ ability to later reject false statements about salient alternatives but not about unmentioned items (e.g., Portuguese scientists). Participants read discourses in which some true propositions had salient alternatives (e.g., British scientists found the endangered monkey when the discourse also mentioned French scientists) and completed a recognition memory test. Although past work suggests that contrastive pitch contours benefit memory by promoting encoding of salient alternatives, it is unclear both whether this effect generalizes to other forms of linguistic prominence and how the set of alternatives is constrained. Three experiments investigated how font emphasis influences reading and remembering discourse.

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